IoTeX

research and innovations

Transforming isolated machine networks into shared intelligence to collectively drive a human-centric future of embodied AI.

university partners

Korea UniversitySingapore University of Technology and DesignAuburn University at MontgomeryKent State UniversityNational University of SingaporeUC San DiegoTexas Tech UniversitySanta Clara UniversityRWTH Aachen UniversityNanyang Technological University SingaporeImperial College LondonUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIFlorida Atlantic UniversityThe University of Texas at AustinKorea UniversitySingapore University of Technology and DesignAuburn University at MontgomeryKent State UniversityNational University of SingaporeUC San DiegoTexas Tech UniversitySanta Clara UniversityRWTH Aachen UniversityNanyang Technological University SingaporeImperial College LondonUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIFlorida Atlantic UniversityThe University of Texas at Austin
Korea UniversityThe University of Texas at AustinFlorida Atlantic UniversityUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIImperial College LondonNanyang Technological University SingaporeRWTH Aachen UniversitySanta Clara UniversityTexas Tech UniversityUC San DiegoNational University of SingaporeKent State UniversityAuburn University at MontgomerySingapore University of Technology and DesignKorea UniversityThe University of Texas at AustinFlorida Atlantic UniversityUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIImperial College LondonNanyang Technological University SingaporeRWTH Aachen UniversitySanta Clara UniversityTexas Tech UniversityUC San DiegoNational University of SingaporeKent State UniversityAuburn University at MontgomerySingapore University of Technology and Design
Santa Clara UniversityRWTH Aachen UniversityNanyang Technological University SingaporeImperial College LondonUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIFlorida Atlantic UniversityThe University of Texas at AustinKorea UniversitySingapore University of Technology and DesignAuburn University at MontgomeryKent State UniversityNational University of SingaporeUC San DiegoTexas Tech UniversitySanta Clara UniversityRWTH Aachen UniversityNanyang Technological University SingaporeImperial College LondonUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIFlorida Atlantic UniversityThe University of Texas at AustinKorea UniversitySingapore University of Technology and DesignAuburn University at MontgomeryKent State UniversityNational University of SingaporeUC San DiegoTexas Tech University
Santa Clara UniversityTexas Tech UniversityUC San DiegoNational University of SingaporeKent State UniversityAuburn University at MontgomerySingapore University of Technology and DesignKorea UniversityThe University of Texas at AustinFlorida Atlantic UniversityUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIImperial College LondonNanyang Technological University SingaporeRWTH Aachen UniversitySanta Clara UniversityTexas Tech UniversityUC San DiegoNational University of SingaporeKent State UniversityAuburn University at MontgomerySingapore University of Technology and DesignKorea UniversityThe University of Texas at AustinFlorida Atlantic UniversityUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIImperial College LondonNanyang Technological University SingaporeRWTH Aachen University

research papers

IoTeX: Infrastructure for Real-World AI

The report highlights IoTeX as building the bridge between real-world devices and AI, giving machines digital identities and ensuring data is trustworthy and verifiable for intelligent applications.

The report presents IoTeX as an end-to-end infrastructure that transforms real-world device data into verifiable inputs for AI. It highlights components like ioID for machine identity and Quicksilver for DePIN data aggregation, positioning IoTeX as the bridge between physical devices and intelligent systems.

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IoTeX: Open Ecosystem for Real-World AI

The report highlights IoTeX as a modular Layer-1 platform connecting real-world data with AI through secure, verifiable infrastructure—enabling privacy-preserving, scalable applications across IoT and AI ecosystems.

The report highlights IoTeX as a modular Layer-1 and middleware platform that bridges real-world data and AI through verifiable, privacy-preserving computation. It enables trusted device identity, secure data attestation, and scalable pipelines for AI-driven IoT applications.

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Sentient AI: Bridging Realities with the Fusion of DePINs and AI Agents

This light paper highlights the benefits and potential use cases when connecting DePINs to AI agents and presents QUICKSILVER, a connectivity layer to realize this vision and fuel growth and technological breakthroughs across a wide range of industry sectors.

The integration of DePINs with AI agents is a transformative shift in technology. This combination enables smarter, more efficient systems by processing data in real-time and adapting to changing conditions. The QUICKSILVER connectivity layer helps make this integration possible, driving innovation across various industries.

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TPU as Cryptographic Accelerator

This paper explores the potential of leveraging AI accelerators (e.g., TPUs and NPUs) to optimize polynomial multiplication, a key bottleneck in Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) and Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs), presenting adaptation techniques and preliminary evaluations to enhance performance while discussing current limitations and future directions for broader adoption of advanced cryptographic tools.

This paper explores using advanced AI hardware to speed up a crucial mathematical operation, helping to make powerful privacy technologies like Fully Homomorphic Encryption and Zero-Knowledge Proofs faster and more practical.

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Enabling a Smooth Migration Towards Post-Quantum Security for Ethereum

The paper proposes two strategies to transition Ethereum to post-quantum security: introducing a quantum-safe zero-knowledge proof in transactions and enhancing scalability with proof aggregation and zero-knowledge rollups, ensuring backward compatibility with minimal software changes for validators and clients.

The paper proposes two solutions to protect Ethereum from future quantum computer threats: adding secure transaction types and improving efficiency with advanced cryptography, all while keeping changes minimal and compatible with the current system.

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New Directions in Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks

The modular DePIN infrastructure introduces a community-driven, flexible, and composable framework for building decentralized physical infrastructure networks, enabling tailored applications through interoperable modules while addressing technical and economic challenges through collaboration between academia and industry.

The modular DePIN infra is a community-driven approach to managing physical resources like energy and data. It uses interchangeable building blocks to create customized systems, making it easier and more collaborative, but also requires experts to work together to overcome challenges.

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White Paper 2.0

The IoTeX 2.0 vision we're introducing outlines our three-year plan to expand the IoTeX Network. We aim to incorporate a new modular platform design, update our tokenomics, and more to meet the increasing demands of builders in the DePIN space and beyond. With this updated vision, we can finally realize our ultimate goal of empowering “DePIN for Everyone!”.

IoTeX 2.0 is a three-year plan to expand its network by creating a flexible platform and improving its token system. This aims to make blockchain technology accessible to everyone, supporting innovative projects and connecting real-world devices with digital systems.

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White Paper 1.5

This paper introduces IoTeX, a decentralized network for IoT powered by a privacy-centric blockchain with four major innovations: blockchains-in-blockchain for a well-balanced network that maximizes scalability and privacy; true on-chain privacy via constant-size ring signatures and bulletproofs; fast consensus with instant finality; and flexible, lightweight architectures purpose-built for key IoT applications.

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DePIN Report — A Modular Infrastructure Thesis

Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN) are evolving into a modular infrastructure model, enabling the development of decentralized applications through community-owned, flexible modules that enhance adaptability, efficiency, and collaboration in Web3 technologies.

DePIN use blockchain to create community-driven networks, promoting shared ownership and efficient management of resources like data storage and connectivity.

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Speeding Up Multi-Scalar Multiplications for Pairing-Based zkSNARKs

We revisit the precomputation-based multi-scalar multiplication (MSM) method introduced by Luo, Fu, and Gong at CHES 2023 and extend their approach. Specifically, we propose a generalized construction of optimal buckets. This enhancement results in notable performance gains, as confirmed through theoretical analysis and experimental validation.

Multi-scalar multiplication, crucial for zero-knowledge proofs, is often slow. Researchers have sped it up using precomputation methods. A recent study improved these methods, making them faster through better organization of precomputed values.

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